[3] He brought Brunswick into close alliance with the king of Prussia, for whom he had fought in the Seven Years' War; he was a Prussian field marshal, and was at pains to make the regiment of which he was colonel a model one.[3]. As the heir apparent of a sovereign prince, Charles William Ferdinand received the title of Hereditary Prince (German: Erbprinz). He became a Prussian major in 1823. In Paris, Louis XVI was generally believed to be in correspondence with the Austrians and Prussians already, and the republicans became more vocal in the early summer of 1792. Wilhelm (4 July 1535 – 20 August 1592), called William the Younger, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Lüneburg-Celle from 1559 until his death. The goal was to suppress the Patriots of the Batavian Revolution, restoring the authority of the stadtholder William V of the House of Orange. 4 (11th ed.). estimation. Brunswick, William Duke of - Germany*25.04.1806-18.10.1884+Portrait - undatedVintage property of ullstein bild Obtenez des photos d'actualité haute résolution de qualité sur Getty Images He joined the Prussian army in 1789 as a captain and participated in battles against Revolutionary France. [5] The Parliament of Great Britain showed its gratitude by voting him a lump sum of £80,000 and an annual income of £3,000 as a wedding gift. William, Duke of Brunswick, lying in state at Braunschweig Germany, engraving, illustration from the magazine The Graphic, volume XXX, no 780, November 8, 1884. When news spread of a combined Austrian and Prussian army led by Brunswick marching into French soil on the days after the Manifesto was publicized, the Paris populace, already incensed by the threat against the city, exploded into violence. He is said to be quite strict, but a good father of the nation who attends to the needs of his people. Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Karl Georg August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover), service with the British armies in America, Karl August, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach, Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, Frederika Luise Wilhelmine, Princess of Orange-Nassau, Maria Elisabeth Wilhelmine, Princess of Baden, Ferdinand Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen, Brunswick, Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of, Text of the Proclamation of the Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg, 1792, "BRUNSWICK-LÜNEBURG, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of", "Brunswick, Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of", "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", "The Sesquicentennial of the Birth of Gauss", England expects that every man will do his duty, Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau, Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth, Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau, List of people associated with the French Revolution, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_William_Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Brunswick&oldid=995711119, Military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars, German military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars, Prussian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars, Military personnel killed in the Napoleonic Wars, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2016, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Declared an invalid; Excluded from line of succession, This page was last edited on 22 December 2020, at 14:00. He succeeded his father as sovereign prince of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, one of the princely states of the Holy Roman Empire. William V was restored to power, which he was to hold until 1795. Obtenez des photos d'actualité haute résolution de qualité sur Getty Images In large part, the manifesto had been written by Louis XVI's cousin, Louis Joseph de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, who was the leader of a large corps of émigrés in the allied army. In 1805, after his uncle, Frederick Augustus, Duke of Oels, had died childless, Fred… It was in English architectural style and with an English landscape garden, to remind her of her home. 1712 September 4, 1712. [3] Frederick II praised the prince personally for his conduct during the war.[14]. [10] He also never married. By this stage the Prussian army was regarded as backward, using outdated tactics and with poor intelligence and communication. I never saw him, as he served with his regiment. William left most government business to his ministers, and he spent most of his time outside of his state at his possessions in Oels. Nicknamed "The Black Duke", he was a military officer who led the Black Brunswickers against French domination in Germany. His avowed aim was: to put an end to the anarchy in the interior of France, to check the attacks upon the throne and the altar, to reestablish the legal power, to restore to the king the security and the liberty of which he is now deprived and to place him in a position to exercise once more the legitimate authority which belongs to him. [16] They entered The Hague on the 20th, from which the Patriots had been forced to withdraw following a loyalist insurrection on the 17th. In 1689, he occupied the Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg and passed it on to his successors. Charles William Ferdinand was part of the allied Anglo-German force at the Battle of Minden (1759), and the Battle of Warburg (1760). The elder daughter, Auguste Caroline Friederike (1764–1788), was the wife of the future king Frederick I of Württemberg and mother of the future William I of Württemberg. [20] However Kellerman's forces outflanked him by advancing up the Rhine, recapturing French possessions there. With the assistance of the minister Feonçe von Rotenkreuz he was highly successful, restoring the state's finances and improving the economy. Their eldest son, Karl Georg August (1766–1806) was named heir apparent, but suffered from a significant learning disability and was regarded as "well-nigh imbecile. He eventually succeeded his father, married and sired two sons. Burgoyne was defeated in the Battles of Saratoga (1777), and his troops were taken captive as the Convention Army. Encyclopædia Britannica. The structure of the high command has been particularly criticised by historians, with multiple officers developing differing plans and then disagreeing on which should be followed, leading to disorganisation and indecision. [2], In 1764, shortly after the Seven Years' War had ended, he travelled to London (landing at Harwich) to marry Princess Augusta. The Encyclopædia Britannica described the Duke's invasion: "His success was rapid, complete and almost bloodless, and in the eyes of contemporaries the campaign appeared as an example of perfect generalship". Philippine Charlotte was the favourite daughter of King Frederick William I of Prussia[1] and sister of Frederick II of Prussia (Frederick the Great). In 1689, he occupied the Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg and passed it on to his successors. Cambridge University Press. The duke was a cultured and benevolent despot in the model of Frederick the Great, and was married to Princess Augusta, a sister of George III of Great Britain. When his brother, Charles, was deposed as ruling duke by a rebellion in 1830, William took over the government provisionally. He was the fourth son of German prince and Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand and his wife Princess Augusta of Great Britain. Prince Frederick William of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel was born in Braunschweig as the fourth son of Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Princess Augusta of Great Britain. [citation needed], Charles I died in 1780, at which point Charles William Ferdinand inherited the throne. Otto I of Brunswick-Lüneburg (about 1204 – 9 June 1252), a member of the House of Welf, was the first duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1235 until his death. by lodging the prince at Somerset House, instead of one of the royal palaces; not providing him with a military guard; and instructing the servants at the wedding to wear old clothes. Desc: William, Duke of Brunswick, was ruling duke of the Duchy of Brunswick from 1830 until his death.William was the second son of Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and after the death of his father in 1815, was under the guardianship of King George IV of the United Kingdom. George William German: Georg Wilhelm (Herzberg am Harz, 26 January 1624 – 28 August 1705, Wienhausen) was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. By the time, Brunswick-Lüneburg had consolidated back into two states, Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover). William died unmarried, but had a number of illegitimate children. content language. The Swedish princess and diarist Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte visited Brunswick in 1799; she described the Duke as "witty, literal and a pleasant acquaintance but ceremonial beyond description. [14] The largest Patriot force, 7,000 men under the Rhinegrave of Salm, was quickly out-manoeuvred and forced to abandon Utrecht, which the Duke occupied on 16 September. [citation needed], From 1778 to 1779 he served in the War of the Bavarian Succession. In 1805, after his uncle, Frederick Augustus, Duke of Oels, had died childless, Fred… Charles William Ferdinand of Brunswick, German Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, (born Oct. 9, 1735, Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony [Germany]—died Nov. 10, 1806, Ottensen, near Hamburg), duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, Prussian field marshal, and an enlightened ruler. Birth of William Raleigh Duke, Jr. Hays Farm, Jefferson, West Virginia, United States. Otto was born around 1204 as the only son of William of Winchester and his wife Helena, a daughter of King Valdemar I of Denmark. [3] The league was successful in forcing the Austrian Joseph II to back down, and thereafter became obsolete. However, having let the manifesto bear his signature, he had to bear the full responsibility for its consequences. William, Duke of Brunswick (German: Wilhelm August Ludwig Maximilian Friedrich; 25 April 1806 – 18 October 1884), was ruling duke of the Duchy of Brunswick from 1830 until his death. The couple's third son was August (1770–1822). She separated from her husband and died in Russia from complications that arose while giving birth in secret to an illegitimate child. [16] The Prussian force captured Gorcum on the 17th after a short artillery bombardment, followed by Dordrecht on the 18th and Delft on the 19th. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. [10] He was declared incapacitated and was excluded from the succession. Until 1569 he ruled together with his brother Henry of Dannenberg. On 16 January 1764, Charles married Princess Augusta of Great Britain, eldest sister of King George III. He is accommodating but a poor thing, loves his consort to the point of worship, and is completely governed by her. It was therefore arranged for Charles William Ferdinand to marry a British-Hanoverian princess: Princess Augusta of Great Britain, daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales and his wife, Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, and sister of the reigning King George III. The duke was frequently engaged in diplomatic and other state affairs. The younger daughter, Caroline of Brunswick, was married in 1795 to her first cousin, the future George IV of the United Kingdom, and bore him a daughter, the ill-fated Princess Charlotte of Wales. Noté /5. William, Duke of Brunswick King. In April 1808, his mother, Princess Marie of Baden 1782–1808, died shortly after giving birth to a stillborn daughter when Charles was only three years old. However, the bill was never introduced in the House of Commons and the divorce was never finalized. Both of them were married to future kings, both made extreme failures of their marriages, both had extremely acrimonious relations with their husbands, and both were accused by them of similar faults: adultery, uncouth behavior, absence of dignity, falsehood and utter fecklessness. Anonymous 1780 copy of a portrait painted in 1777 or earlier by, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, Significant civil and political events by year. Indeed, the duke was once moved to describe his children to von Massenbach as "mostly cripples in mind and body."[21]. The Brunswick Manifesto seemed to furnish the agitators with a complete justification for the revolt that they were already planning. As a result, in 1773 Charles William Ferdinand was given a major role in reforming the economy. In August 1784 he hosted a secret diplomatic visit from Karl August, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach (Goethe was a member of Karl August's entourage). William was the second son of Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and after the death of his father in 1815, was under the guardianship of King George IV of the United Kingdom. William, duc de Brunswick ( allemand: Wilhelm Ludwig Maximilian Friedrich Août 25; Avril 1806-1818 Octobre 1884), gouvernait duc du duché de Brunswick de 1830 jusqu'à sa mort.. William était le deuxième fils de Frédéric - Guillaume, duc de Brunswick-Lunebourg, et après la mort de son père en 1815, était sous la tutelle du roi George IV du Royaume-Uni. Under the terms of this treaty, Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel supplied 4,000 troops for service with the British armies in America, under the command of general Friedrich Adolf Riedesel. He talks continually, does not know what he says, and is in all aspects unbearable. 600 — 800 In 1776, Charles I signed a treaty supporting Britain in the war, the first prince to do so. All English Français. [1] George William was the father of Sophia Dorothea … [11] The Convention Army was kept in captivity until the war ended in 1783. [citation needed] In 1753 his father moved the capital of the principality back to Brunswick (German: Braunschweig), the state's largest city. [12], He resembled his uncle Frederick the Great in many ways, but he lacked the resolution of the king, and in civil as in military affairs was prone to excessive caution. He received an unusually wide and thorough education, overseen by his mother. [3] In Paris he made the acquaintance of Marmontel. [3] During their travels the couple also met Pietro Nardini[5] and in 1767 the prince had his portrait painted by Pompeo Batoni. While William joined the Prussian-led North German Confederation in 1866, his relationship to Prussia was strained, since Prussia refused to recognize Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover, his nearest male-line relative, as his heir, because of the Duke of Cumberland's claim to the throne of Hanover. [note 1][7] However George III was less welcoming, and sought to express his displeasure through numerous small insults e.g. He is called Otto the Child to distinguish him from his uncle, Emperor Otto IV.. 1721. "[10] Nevertheless, he was married in 1790 to Frederika of Orange-Nassau, daughter of William V, Prince of Orange, a gentle, good-hearted woman who remained devoted to him to the end. 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